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James River bateau
The James River Bateau was a shallow draft river craft used during the period from 1775 to 1840 to transport tobacco and other cargo on the James River and its tributaries in the state of Virginia. It was flat bottomed and pointed at both ends. The length of the bateau varied greatly, 58 feet (17.5 m) being a common length. The bateau was propelled by bateaumen pushing with long sturdy poles. Alternate spellings of bateau include batteau, batoe and the plurals bateaux, batoes, and batteaux. Bateau is the French word for ''boat''. In the colonial days, bateaus were used extensively in rivers throughout the eastern part of the United States, but the coverage of this article is confined to those that plied the James River in the state of Virginia.
==Origin==
Anthony Rucker the Elder was the original inventor and constructor of the James River Bateau in 1775. It was a boat essentially different from any before that time used on the rivers of Virginia. Rucker’s design was successfully patented〔Lynchburg Virginian, August 17, 1821. Jones Memorial Library, Lynchburg, Virginia.〕 many years after its development. The earliest known reference to the bateau comes from Thomas Jefferson’s account book, dated April 19, 1775.〔Rucker’s “Battoe” – A Study of the James River Batteau By Thomas D. Mackie, Director, Amherst County Historical Muse〕 Jefferson had been present at the first launching, and forty-six years later he was witness to the successful patenting of the bateau by heirs of Rucker. Unfortunately, none of the original bateaus exist. Some remains were uncovered by construction workers at the site of the James River and Kanawha Canal Basin.〔Baldwin, Leland: 1941 The Keelboat Age on Western Waters. University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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